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Subsidies

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With over 10 years of experience, the IISD Global Subsidies Initiative (GSI) is widely recognized as world-class leader in the quantification, evaluation and reform of subsidies.

Governments around the world spend at least a trillion dollars a year on subsidies to exploit the world's natural resources. But faced with increasing fiscal constraints, and concerned about making their economies cleaner, more inclusive and stable, governments are under increasing pressure to change course.

GSI works closely with governments to help them move away from subsidies that hinder sustainability. The goal is to encourage individual governments to undertake unilateral reforms on subsidy policy where these would deliver clear economic, environmental and social benefits. GSI also aims to generate a consensus in the World Trade Organization and in other forums on the need to take resolute, ongoing and systematic action to reduce or eliminate subsidies that are trade-distorting and undermine sustainable development.

  • Paper
    The Future of Social Welfare Programs in Indonesia: From Fossil-Fuel Subsidies to Better Social Protection

    The Future of Social Welfare Programs in Indonesia: From Fossil-Fuel Subsidies to Better Social Protection

    This briefing note examines the relationship between fossil-fuel subsidies and Indonesia's broader policy interventions to promote social welfare...

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  • Paper
    Practical Implications of Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform for the Energy Supply Chain in Indonesia

    Practical Implications of Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform for the Energy Supply Chain in Indonesia

    This briefing note examines the practical short-term implications for Indonesia's energy supply chain of steps towards fossil-fuel subsidy reform...

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  • Report
    Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippines

    Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippines

    The Philippines has removed the majority of all consumer energy subsidies. This detailed case study looks into some of the factors that enabled such durable reforms.

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  • Paper
    India Energy Subsidy Review Issue 1 Volume 1

    India Energy Subsidy Review Issue 1 Volume 1

    This is the first edition of the India Energy Subsidy Review, a biannual publication of the IISD's Global Subsidies Initiative.Part One outlines...

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  • Paper
    Recent Developments in Sudan's Fuel Subsidy Reform Process

    Recent Developments in Sudan's Fuel Subsidy Reform Process

    In September 2013 Sudan introduced the third and most dramatic in a series of fuel subsidy cuts, raising prices of petrol, diesel and liquefied...

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  • Paper
    Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs): The impacts and possible responses

    Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs): The impacts and possible responses

    This briefing note outlines the relationship between fossil-fuel subsidy reform and Indonesia's many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).How...

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  • Paper
    Understanding Fossil-fuel Subsidies in India: Questions and answers

    Understanding Fossil-fuel Subsidies in India: Questions and answers

    Fossil-fuel subsidies are significant drain on public finances.They are also bad for the environment, while benefitting higher income consumers...

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  • Paper
    Shining a Light on Fossil Fuel Subsidies at the WTO: How NGOs can contribute to WTO notification and surveillance

    Shining a Light on Fossil Fuel Subsidies at the WTO: How NGOs can contribute to WTO notification and surveillance

    Fossil fuel subsidies undermine efforts to mitigate climate change and damage the trading system. However, multilateral discussion is hampered by inconsistent definitions and incomplete data.

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  • Paper
    The Impacts of Diesel Price Increases on India's Trucking Industry

    The Impacts of Diesel Price Increases on India's Trucking Industry

    In the fiscal year 2011-12, under-recoveries incurred by Indian oil-marketing companies for diesel rose to an all-time high of US$15 billion.Diesel...

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  • Paper
    Energy Subsidies in Bangladesh: A profile of groups vulnerable to reform

    Energy Subsidies in Bangladesh: A profile of groups vulnerable to reform

    The Government of Bangladesh spends a major share of its budget providing direct subsidies for fossil fuels and electricity, the costs of which...

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